What does 'strict scrutiny' require for classifications based on race?

What does 'strict scrutiny' require for classifications based on race?

• A. A compelling government interest and narrow tailoring; the law must be necessary to achieve that interest.
• B. A rational basis and legitimate governmental objective.
• C. A medium scrutiny test balancing rights.
• D. A mere plausible connection to an interest.

Answer: (B)

Race-based classifications are reviewed under strict scrutiny, the most demanding level of constitutional review. This means the government must show a compelling interest for the policy and that the law is narrowly tailored to achieve that interest, using the least restrictive means available. In other words, the measure can’t be broader than necessary and must be specifically designed to accomplish the only viable objective without unnecessary discrimination. The other options reflect lower levels of review or nonexistent “medium” scrutiny, which don’t apply to classifications based on race, so they don’t fit this standard.

Race-based classifications are reviewed under strict scrutiny, the most demanding level of constitutional review. This means the government must show a compelling interest for the policy and that the law is narrowly tailored to achieve that interest, using the least restrictive means available. In other words, the measure can’t be broader than necessary and must be specifically designed to accomplish the only viable objective without unnecessary discrimination. The other options reflect lower levels of review or nonexistent “medium” scrutiny, which don’t apply to classifications based on race, so they don’t fit this standard.